PTFE membranes have a temperature range of -190 to +600°C (up to 1000°C in an oxygen-free environment at low pressure). Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) exhibits excellent low-temperature resistance, with a yield strength significantly higher than at room temperature. Consequently, PTFE wound gaskets can be used with low-temperature media such as liquid hydrocarbons. Furthermore, due to the addition of metal strips, the operating temperature of PTFE membranes can reach 250°C, and in acidic media, they can withstand pressures of up to 9 MPa at 200°C. PTFE membranes are suitable for heat exchangers, reactors, pipelines, valves, and pump inlet and outlet flanges where pressure and temperature fluctuations are significant. For medium-pressure applications where temperatures exceed 300°C, the use of inner rings, outer rings, or both should be considered.
In gaseous media, the pressure rating is 14.7 MPa (up to 19.6 MPa in China), whilst in liquid media it is 30 MPa. The relationship curve between pressure stress and leakage rate. Metal-wound gaskets ingeniously utilise the heat resistance, elasticity and strength of metals, combined with the flexibility of non-metallic materials, thereby offering superior sealing performance; amongst these, stainless steel-wound flexible graphite gaskets perform particularly well. Their preload is lower than that of asbestos-wound gaskets, and they do not suffer from the drawback of leakage through asbestos fibre pores. The relationship curve between the two represents the ratio of preload pressure to leakage. In oil media, 0Cr13 is primarily used for metal strip materials, whilst 13Cr18Ni9Ti is recommended for other media.
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